marry与divorce的用法同异

非常有趣，marry与divorce意思相反，但两者在用法上有很多相似之处。

1. 相似之处：

(1) 两者均可用作不及物动词，但在口语或非正式文体中，若不跟宾语，通常用be [get] divorced和be [get] married 这样的结构来代替其不及物用法。如：

So you are going to get married this time. 原来这次你要结婚了。

They got married in 1986, and got divorced two years later. 他们1986年结的婚，两年以后便离婚了。

其不及物用法主要用于较正式的文体中。如：

She did not intend to marry at all. 她根本不想结婚。

After three very unhappy years they divorced. 他们很不愉快地过了3年，终于离婚了。

(2) 要表示“与某人结婚或离婚”，英语应说marry sb或divorce sb，而不能按汉语意思说成marry with sb或divorce with sb。如：

Sue did not marry the man she loved. 苏没有和她所爱的男人结婚。

He divorced her, and a good thing too. 他和她离了婚，这也是一件好事。

(3) 两者的过去分词（转化为形容词）后均可接介词to表示对象（注意不能用with）。如：

She's married to an Italian actor. 她和一位意大利演员结了婚。

It's said that she is divorced to her husband. 据说她与她丈夫离婚了。

比较：

He is married with three children. 他已婚，有3个小孩。

He is divorced, with a young son. 他离婚了，有一个年幼的儿子。

(4) 当了解一个人的婚姻的状况时，通常用be married (divorced), 注意其中的married和divorced是形容词而不是过去分词。如：

她结婚（离婚）没有?

正：Is she married (divorced)?

误：Did she marry (divorce)? / Has she married (divorced)?

(5) marry (divorce) 和 get married (divorced) 均为非延续性动词，通常不与一段时间连用；若要表示某人结婚（离婚）有多久，可用 be married (divorced)。如：

误：They've (got) married for 20 years.

正：They've been married for 20 years. 他们结婚20年了。

2. 不同点：

(1) 用作不及物动词时，marry的主语可以是单数或复数；而divorce的主语通常应是复数，不能是单数，如可说：Ten years later they divorced. 但一般不说：Ten years later he divorced. 可改为：Ten years later he got divorced.

(2) 要具体表明与某人结婚或离婚，be [get] married后通常只接介词to引出结婚的对象，而be [get] divorced后除可接介词to外，还通常可接介词from。如：

He was married to a nurse. 他与一名护士结婚了。

He was divorced to [from] his wife. 他与他的妻子离婚了。

3. 补充说明：

(1) divorce可直接用作名词，表示“离婚”，根据意义的具体与抽象可用作可数或不可数名词。如：

Divorce breaks up a lot of families. 离婚拆散了许多家庭。

I won't give her a divorce. 我不会和她离婚。

He's getting married again, after two divorces, so he obviously hasn't profited by his experiences. 他两次离婚之后又结婚，显然没有吸取以往的教训。

(2) marry不能直接用作名词，其相应的派生名词是marriage，其用法参见marriage词条。